Specific long noncoding RNAs act as the structural scaffold of the membraneless nuclear bodies and regulate gene expression through distinct mechanisms. Among dozens of the nuclear bodies, we have been intensively studying nuclear stress bodies (nSBs) formed on HSATIII RNAs. The HSATIII RNAs are transcribed from Satellite III genomic regions of the primate genomes under thermal stress, and assemble nSBs with multiple proteins such as splicing factors. Our study revealed that nSBs control temperature dependent pre-mRNA splicing immediately after stress removal through two distinct mechanisms, in which nSBs act as a reaction crucible for phosphorylation of splicing factors and as a molecular sponge to sequestrate the other splicing factors. During stress recovery, we unexpectedly found that HSATIII migrates from nucleus to cytoplasm, where it forms distinct membraneless cytoplasmic bodies in the distal ends of cells and/or it is translated into unique polypeptides with repetitive amino acid sequences. In this symposium, the multifaceted roles of the satellite RNAs are overviewed, and the potential functions hidden in the satellite regions are discussed.